Square



A. CAPITANO.

SQUARE.

APPLlcATloN FILED lune 5.1920.

1,383,073. PatentedJune 28.1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. CAPITANO.

SQUARE.

APPLicMIoN FILED JUNE 5,1920.

1,383,078, PatentedJune 28, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SQUARE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 28, 1921.

Application iiled June 5, 1920. Serial No. 386,880.

1 o all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALESSANDRO CAPITANO, a citizen of the United States,residin at Pittston, in the county of Luzerne and tate of Pennsylvania,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Squares, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to folding or combination squares such as are usedby various mechanics and consists in providing improved features in suchsquares whereby they become capable of being used for many differentpurposes, and take the place of squares, calipers, bevels, T-squares,protractors, etc., a single compactly foldable device thus serving as asubstitute for a large number of separate tools.

One form which my invention may take is described in the presentspecification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

wherein:

Figure 1 represents the device adjusted to act as an ordinary square orbevel square.

I Fig. 2 is a side view from the left of f ig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section of one shank of the square on the line 3 3 of Fig.1.

Fi 4 represents a locking device shown in Fig. 1 which serves to retainthe square in its adjusted position, the parts being shown in section.

Fig. 5 represents one way of holding the sliding blade.

Fig. 6 represents a modified way.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent supplemental dials which may be applied to thedevice.

Fig. 9 shows the device adjusted for use as a T-square.

Figs. 10, l1 and 12 show supplemental blades adapted for use in thedevice.

My improved square comprises two prin cipal elements, namely the shank 1and the bladeV 2. These are pivotally joined at 3 whereby they may beadjusted angularly with respect to each other, to serve as a bevel orsquare. The shank 1 is slotted at l to receive the blade 2, which foldsinto it when in closed position in the usual manner. The blade 2 isnotched at 5 to clear the portion 6 of the shank, when closed. While thematerial of which the device is made forms no part ofV my invention, itwill be understood that metal will usually be preferred. A dia-l l' isprovided concentric with the pivot 3, preferably cut or stamped directlyin the material of the shank itself. This dial may be graduated in anydesired way, for instance, in degrees or pitches, and the particulargraduations form no part of my invention` A similar dial 8 shown in Fig.9 is provided near the center of the shank l and is used when the blade2 positioned for use as a T-square. A blade 2 similar to blade 2 may beprovided if desired. The blade 2 differs from blade 2 chieiy in that 1thas a squared end without the notch 5 of blade 2, and may be made shortenough to clear the portion 6 of the shank 1. This is desirable in somecases where the notch 5 would interfere with the work.

A pair of sliding blades is also provided, these blades being designatedby reference characters 9 and 10, the former sliding in a groove inshank 1, the latter in a similar groove in the blade 2. These slidingblades are slidable in the direction of their length, and may beprojected more or less until their pointed ends 11 and 12 meet at thevertex of the angle formed by the outer edges of the shank 1 and blade2. as shown in Fig. l. The cross section of the blade 9'iS shown inFigs. 5 and 6, blade 10 being exactly the saine. The blades are housedin grooves ot appropriate shape and are adjustable to a limited extentby means of the screws 1l moving in slots 16. In Fig. 5 a screw 14 isshown whose head bears against the edges 15 of slot 16, and whosethreads are engaged in the sliding blade 9. Upon loosening this screw 14slightly, the blade 9 may be adjusted, and then clamped securely byagain tightening the screw 14. A modified arrangement is shown in Fig.6, wherein a screw 18 is engaged through slot 16, and threaded into anut 17, which bears against the edges 15 of the slot 16. A slot may beprovided at each end of the screw 18, so that the adjustment may be madefrom either side of the instrument.

Although the instrument is originally provided with the two dials T :indS marked upon its surface, in time rough usage. or even ordinary wearand corrosion, may obliterate the graduations. I therefore providesupplemental dials 19, 20. shown in Figs. 7 and 8. These dials fit overthe original dials 7 and 8, and thus form ready means of repairing thedevice. They are fastened by nails or screws passed through the holes21, and have central holes 22 t0 P355 @he spindle of. the indicatorIhereinafter described.

The dials eoiiperate with indil'ator il, shown in one loeation in Fig'.i. and in its other location in ll`ig. il. it fonsisis ol' afour-pointed starlshaped lat pim-e ol' metal .34 one of the poincs otthe star being;r Viridened and rarrying a rlaini'iing means. E25. theother three points" being sharp, and dis posed accurately at flll" fromeach other on the dial. any one of them servingV as a. reading pointer.As shown in Fig. 4, the indiH eator Carries the clamping means Q5 (aknnrled thumb screw as shown) which when tightened will canse a portionoi the shank l to be tightly clamped between the lower elanip plate 215and the upper rlainp plate :27. The dials are lol-ated in eirenlardepressions, whose cross section is shown in Fig. l. The indicator issecured. as by means of a squared hole roiinratine' with a Squaredpintle. to rotate lwith the blade 2 (or 2). one means oi doingv thisbein; shown in Fig. il. llere a flange 2H on a short shalt ill has asquare portion 3() on its upper face, to eopel'ate with a similarlyshaped hole Ill in the indicator 23, and a set screw 232 serves tosecure it firmly to the indicator. Below the fiance the shaft has around Viortion 33,

h n l and below this another square portion 9,4-,

which engages a similarly shaped hole ll in the blade 2 or 2 to cansethe shaft to revolve with the blade. Passing through part oi the shaft.Q9 is a swivel pin 35 secured at one end to the serew thrmnled rod 3G.and having its other end riveted or otherwise enlarged so as to rotatefreely in shalt i?) but to be held from Vfalling' ont. nnt ST ot' thetype shown serves to tighten the rod lo and pin to hold the parts inplace.

lindert-nt grooves llo, 3H. are provided across blade il, and areadapted to engage et1rrespondin`er bars Ilil. Ill). shown in Fig. Vl l.of blade 40. The blade l() may be. 4substituted for blade 2 or '.l. andthen blade 2 may be placed with the grooves iin' in engagement with barslill. fll. While these may be Separate bars, it is preferred in pravtiee to unite them by a thin sheet oi' metal to strengthen them.

ln use. the device when assembled as in Fig. l will serve as a. square,or bevel, the angle the shank l and blade i? malte with earh other beingreadable on dial T. The slidable blades il and lll are adjusted so thattheir tips ll and l2 meet at a point, whieh will be the vertex ol theangle the enter edges of shank l and blade 2 inake `.vith eaeh other.Then the .Lhank and blade are assembled as in Fig. 9. the device servesas a T-Sqnare Whose angle is adjustable and readable on dial 8. Then thesupplemental blade 4() shown in Figs. ll and 12 is inserted in place ofblade 2, the blade 2 or 2a may be engaged over the bars 39, 39 Whicl'islide in grooves 38. 3S. The Shank l and` blade or 2a may thus be et toa given taper or a nnii'orin parallel spacing', depending npon the angleat which blade lll is clamped to the shank l. When the ane-le is a rightang-le, the, device may be nsed as a raliper, the objeet to be measuredbeingy placed between the shank l and blade L) or 2, whieh is then movedalong the bars B9, 3S) nntl it engages the object between itseli and theshank, the measurement being;r then indieated by the scales on bars 39,39.

Having' described one embodiment of my device, l claim as my invention:

1. A combination square having a shank and a blade, a pair of dials onenear the middle ol the shank, the other near one end ot' the saine, anindicator, means for releasably securing' the same rigidly to the blade,and arranged to eoperate with. one of the dials, means for looking theindicator to the shank and thereby secure the shank and blade in theiradj usted positions.

A combination square having a shank and a blade, a pair of dials onenear the middle of the shank, the other near one end ot the same, anindicator, means for releasably securing the same rigidly to the blade,and arranged to coperate with one of the dials, means for lockingr theindicator to the shank and thereby secure the shank and blade in theiradjusted positions, and an auxiliary blade slidable in one of themembers ol the square, having a pointed end which remains in line withthe onter edge of said member.

il. A combination square having a shank and a` blade, a pair oli' dialsone near the middle of the shank, the. other near one end ol' the saine,an indicator, means for releasably securing the saine rigidly to theblade, and arranged to eoperate with one of the dials, means forlocking' the indicator to the shank and thereby set-nre the shank andblade in their adjusted positions, and an auxiliary blade slidable inone of the members ot the square, having a` pointed end which remains inline with the outer edge ol said member, and means for securing saidauxiliary blade in its adjusted position.

-l. A. combination square having a shank and a blade, a pair of dialsone near the middle of the shank, the other near one end of the saine,an indicator, means for releasably seein-ing; the same rigidly to theblade, and arranged to eoperate with one of the dials, means for lockingthe indicator to the shank and thereby secure the shank and blade intheir adjusted positions, and a pair of auxiliary blades slidable in theshank and blade respectively, each having aipointed end, which remainsin line with the outer edge of the member in which the respectiveauxiliary blade is seated.

5. In a device of the character described,

'llO

a shank having a circular depression, and having a dial marked in thematerial of the shank itself, and an auxiliary da] plate ittin in saiddepression and secured therein.

G. n a device of the class described, a shank, a member having a bar oftrapezoidal cross section extending therefrom, said membei' beingpivotally secured to the shank, and a blade having a transverse groovetherein, ittng slidablv over said bar, whereby 10 ALESSANDRO CAPITANO.

